石膏粉補(bǔ)墻的正確方法主要包括以下步驟：

　　The correct method for using gypsum powder to repair walls mainly includes the following steps:

　　一、準(zhǔn)備工具和材料

　　1、 Prepare tools and materials

　　工具：攪拌用的桶或容器、攪拌工具（電動(dòng)攪拌器或木棒）、抹刀或刮刀、砂紙、刷子等。

　　Tools: mixing buckets or containers, mixing tools (electric mixers or wooden sticks), spatulas or scrapers, sandpaper, brushes, etc.

　　材料：硬度較好的石膏粉（特別是A級(jí)別或特級(jí)粉）、清水、乳白膠或白乳膠（可選）。

　　Materials: Gypsum powder with good hardness (especially A-grade or special grade powder), water, milk white glue or white latex (optional).

　　二、調(diào)配石膏粉

　　2、 Mixing gypsum powder

　　比例：按照水和石膏粉的比例進(jìn)行調(diào)配，通常比例為28:100（即一份水配大約3.57份石膏粉），但具體比例可根據(jù)需要的稠度稍作調(diào)整。

　　Proportion: Mix according to the ratio of water and gypsum powder, usually in a ratio of 28:100 (i.e. one part of water is about 3.57 parts of gypsum powder), but the specific proportion can be adjusted slightly according to the required consistency.

　　順序：先在容器中倒入適量清水，然后慢慢加入石膏粉，避免一次性倒入過(guò)多，防止石膏粉結(jié)塊。

　　Sequence: First, pour an appropriate amount of water into the container, then slowly add gypsum powder to avoid pouring too much at once and prevent gypsum powder from clumping.

　　攪拌：用攪拌工具均勻攪拌石膏粉和水，直到形成沒(méi)有氣泡、沒(méi)有結(jié)塊的均勻漿狀。攪拌時(shí)間不宜過(guò)長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)槭喾蹠?huì)迅速凝固。

　　Mixing: Use a mixing tool to evenly mix gypsum powder and water until a uniform slurry without bubbles or clumps is formed. The mixing time should not be too long, as gypsum powder will quickly solidify.

　　三、處理墻面

　　3、 Dealing with wall surfaces

　　清潔：確保修補(bǔ)表面干凈、無(wú)油污、無(wú)浮塵。對(duì)于老化的墻面，可以輕輕打磨或濕潤(rùn)表面，增強(qiáng)石膏的附著力。

　　Cleaning: Ensure that the repaired surface is clean, free of oil stains and floating dust. For aging walls, gently polish or moisten the surface to enhance the adhesion of gypsum.

　　填補(bǔ)：將調(diào)配好的石膏漿填補(bǔ)到墻體的裂縫或坑洞中，填滿后使用抹刀或刮刀輕輕刮平表面。對(duì)于較大的裂縫或坑洞，可以多次分層填充，每次填充厚度不宜過(guò)厚，等第一層稍干后再進(jìn)行第二層。

　　Fill: Fill the cracks or holes in the wall with the prepared gypsum slurry, and then gently scrape the surface with a spatula or scraper. For larger cracks or pits, they can be filled multiple times in layers, and the thickness of each filling should not be too thick. Wait until the first layer is slightly dry before proceeding with the second layer.

　　四、修飾和打磨

　　4、 Decorate and polish

　　修飾邊緣：在石膏開(kāi)始初步硬化但還未完全干透時(shí)，可以用濕潤(rùn)的抹刀輕輕修飾邊緣和表面，使其更加平滑。

　　Trimming the edges: When the plaster is beginning to harden but has not completely dried, a moist spatula can be used to gently trim the edges and surface to make them smoother.

　　干燥：等待石膏漿完全干燥。初凝時(shí)間通常為10~20分鐘，但完全干燥可能需要24小時(shí)。

　　Drying: Wait for the gypsum slurry to completely dry. The initial setting time is usually 10-20 minutes, but complete drying may take 24 hours.

　　打磨：使用細(xì)砂紙打磨石膏表面，使其光滑平整。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有不平或缺陷的地方，可以重新用薄層石膏修補(bǔ)，再次打磨。

　　Polishing: Use fine sandpaper to polish the surface of gypsum to make it smooth and even. If unevenness or defects are found, they can be repaired with a thin layer of gypsum and polished again.

　　五、注意事項(xiàng)

　　5、 Precautions

　　施工環(huán)境：確保施工環(huán)境干燥、無(wú)潮濕。過(guò)于潮濕的環(huán)境會(huì)延緩石膏粉的凝固時(shí)間，影響硬度。

　　Construction environment: Ensure that the construction environment is dry and free from moisture. An excessively humid environment can delay the solidification time of gypsum powder and affect its hardness.

　　加膠選擇：如需在石膏粉中加入乳白膠或白乳膠以增強(qiáng)牢固度和光滑度，應(yīng)注意加入后凝固時(shí)間會(huì)延長(zhǎng)。

　　Glue selection: If you need to add milk white glue or white milk glue to gypsum powder to enhance firmness and smoothness, please note that the solidification time will be prolonged after adding.

　　安全防護(hù)：攪拌時(shí)避免石膏粉揚(yáng)起，佩戴口罩防止吸入對(duì)呼吸道造成傷害；石膏粉與水混合后可能對(duì)皮膚有輕微刺激，建議施工時(shí)佩戴手套。

　　Safety protection: Avoid lifting gypsum powder during mixing, wear a mask to prevent inhalation and respiratory injury; Gypsum powder mixed with water may cause slight irritation to the skin. It is recommended to wear gloves during construction.

　　工具清潔：石膏粉凝固后難以清理，施工完成后應(yīng)立即用清水清洗所有工具，防止石膏干固。

　　Tool cleaning: Gypsum powder is difficult to clean after solidification. After construction is completed, all tools should be immediately cleaned with clean water to prevent gypsum from drying out.

　　按照上述步驟進(jìn)行石膏粉補(bǔ)墻，可以確保修補(bǔ)效果牢固、美觀。

　　Following the above steps for gypsum powder wall repair can ensure a firm and aesthetically pleasing repair effect.

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