At present, the application of cement mortar plastering is still quite common, but due to large construction surface, obstacles or various reasons, it needs to be intermittently, and construction joints will appear. Due to the neglect and careless treatment of the plastering construction joint, when continuing the construction, the construction joint at the joint of the old and new plasters will form a trace, which is unsightly and often reduced by the visual quality inspection, forming a common quality problem.

為此小編將摸索出留反槎的作法分享發給大家，這種方法簡便易行，被工人譽為“解決抹灰施工縫的絕招”。現將具體作法介紹如下。

To this end, Xiaobian will share with you the practice of leaving reverse tenon. This method is simple and easy, and is praised by workers as "the unique skill to solve the plastering construction joint". The specific methods are introduced as follows.

一、墻體抹灰留反槎的方法

1、 Method of retaining reverse tenon for wall plastering

1、無論內外墻底層抹灰或面層抹灰時，均應將需要留槎部位的墻面抹平槎麻或趕光壓實，檢查垂直度、平整度無誤后，可將2m直尺水平或垂直方向壓在欲留槎的部位，然后用鐵抹子沿直尺下沿或一側將多余的砂漿切掉;切除砂漿時，鐵抹子尖應略向上或向尺身下撓斜，將斜槎切成60度左右，形成反槎。

1. When plastering the bottom layer or surface layer of the internal and external walls, the wall surface where the tenon needs to be reserved shall be smoothed, tenoned or polished and compacted. After checking the perpendicularity and flatness, press the 2m ruler horizontally or vertically on the position where the tenon needs to be reserved, and then cut off the excess mortar along the lower edge or one side of the ruler with an iron trowel; When cutting the mortar, the tip of the iron trowel shall be slightly upward or downward inclined to the ruler body, and the inclined tenon shall be cut into about 60 degrees to form a reverse tenon.

2、當外墻有門窗或其他洞口時，抹灰留槎應盡量留在洞口上沿或下沿。

2. When there are doors, windows or other openings in the outer wall, the plastering tenon shall be left on the upper or lower edge of the opening as far as possible.

為了保持洞口之間窗間墻外抹灰完整，在搭外腳手架時，應將腳手板的鐵排木插入洞口上沿或下沿下降4皮磚的墻孔內。這樣可給抹灰工留出運抹子空間，為施工縫留在位置創造條件。

In order to maintain the integrity of the plastering outside the window wall between the openings, when erecting the external scaffold, the iron row wood of the scaffold board shall be inserted into the wall hole with 4 bricks falling from the upper or lower edge of the opening. This can leave space for plasterers to transport trowels and create conditions for construction joints to remain in place.

3、室內墻體抹灰留反槎的幾個部位：

3. Several parts with reverse tenon left for indoor wall plastering:

1)每上下兩步腳手架交接處應留反槎。

1) Reverse tenon shall be reserved at the junction of the scaffold at each up and down steps.

2)電表箱、閘箱、消防箱等需要鑲入墻體內的設施(備)不能及時供貨時，在洞口四周100mm處留反槎。

2) When the facilities (standby) that need to be embedded in the wall such as electricity meter box, gate box and fire box cannot be supplied in time, an inverted tenon shall be reserved at 100mm around the hole.

3)外腳手架穿墻的鐵排木或卸載的鋼絲繩凸出內墻面且影響抹灰時，需在管端或鋼絲繩兩側100mm范圍內留反槎。

3) When the iron row wood passing through the wall of the outer scaffold or the unloaded steel wire rope protrudes from the inner wall and affects the plastering, the reverse tenon shall be reserved within 100mm on both sides of the pipe end or steel wire rope.

4)門口、啞巴口(無門框)、暖氣槽兩側未抹1:2水泥砂漿護角時，應在洞、槽邊緣以外100mm外留反槎。

4) When 1:2 cement mortar corner protection is not plastered on both sides of the door, dumb mouth (without door frame) and heating slot, reverse tenon shall be reserved 100mm outside the edge of the hole and slot.

5)距踢腳板高度上方50~100mm外留反槎。

5) Reverse tenon shall be reserved outside 50 ~ 100mm above the height of skirting board.

6)在采暖或給水穿墻橫管四周50~100mm外留反槎。

6) Reverse tenon shall be reserved outside 50 ~ 100mm around the horizontal pipe passing through the wall for heating or water supply.

7)廚廁間屋頂穿樓板立管未封堵預留孔而提前抹灰時，在孔四周50~100mm外留反槎。

7) When the floor riser on the roof of the kitchen and toilet room is plastered in advance without blocking the reserved hole, an inverted tenon shall be reserved outside 50 ~ 100mm around the hole.

圖片

picture

二、地面抹灰留反槎的方法

2、 Method of reserving reverse tenon for ground plastering

1、水泥砂漿地面面積很大時，需分段、分塊施工，在段或塊的間斷處要留反槎。

1. When the cement mortar floor area is large, it needs to be constructed in sections and blocks, and the reverse tenon shall be reserved at the discontinuity of sections or blocks.

2、各居室與方廳或各辦公室與走廊之間，應在門洞口門框側口外及啞巴口1/2處留反槎。如果不留槎，也可設一道玻璃條。

2. Between each bedroom and the square hall or between each office and the corridor, reverse tenon shall be reserved outside the side opening of the door frame at the door opening and 1 / 2 of the mute opening. If no tenon is left, a glass strip can also be set.

三、修補墻(地)面施工

3、 Repair wall (ground) surface construction

1、當墻(地)面出現空鼓、裂縫需修補時，用此方法可收到很好的效果。

1. When hollows and cracks appear on the wall (ground) surface and need to be repaired, this method can achieve good results.

2、抹灰層空鼓或裂縫需要修補時，可用粉筆畫出其位置，用無拉齒鋸沿粉筆印割縫，鋸身應向修補范圍傾斜。

2. When the hollowing or crack of the plastering layer needs to be repaired, its position can be drawn with chalk, and the slit shall be cut along the chalk mark with a non pulling tooth saw, and the saw body shall be inclined to the repair range.

剔鑿創口內硬結砂漿時，可用人工手持鋼釬、手錘適力作業，沖鑿力不能過大，以免振動擴大墻(地)面空鼓范圍。

When chiseling the hardened mortar in the wound, the manual hand-held steel chisel and hammer can be used for appropriate force operation. The punching and chiseling force shall not be too large to avoid vibration and expand the hollowing range of the wall (ground) surface.

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